Hashim Alfaraj
B.ARCH At Boston Architecture Collegej
Boston, MA
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ARAB -حوش- “HAWSH”
Observations of contemporary Arab families in juxtaposition with historical narratives reveal a concerning trend: a gradual diminishment in the strength of familial connections. Central to this issue is the erosion of architectural identity traditionally emblematic of Arab homes, notably the courtyard, widely recognized across the Arab world as الحوش. A detailed examination of the hawsh demonstrates its pivotal role as the familial core, where daily congregations of parents amidst an architecture that opens all rooms to this central space foster a profound interconnection between the physical environment and its occupants. This architectural arrangement was instrumental in facilitating natural lighting, air circulation, and isolation from the street, thereby ensuring privacy and a strong familial bond within a protected setting. The transition in architectural styles, initiated in the early 1930s with the construction of the Sadu House—the first to employ concrete—marks a significant shift. Subsequently, Kuwait adopted a Victorian architectural style, perceived as a symbol of advancement and progress. This evolution has persisted, rendering traditional Kuwaiti architectural styles relegated to museums, a remnant of ancient history. This shift from the traditional hawsh-centric architecture to Western influences signifies a broader cultural transformation with profound implications for familial unity and societal connectivity. Traditional Arabic houses, with their courtyard-centric designs, transcended mere structural arrangements to embody communal, private, and environmental harmony. Such configurations facilitated familial interactions and bonding, reinforcing the fabric of Arab familial ties. In the contemporary context, it becomes imperative to critically reassess the implications of modernization within Arab societies. This entails a discerning adoption of Western innovations, ensuring that new architectural practices do not undermine cultural heritage or the social fabric. The architectural domain, in particular, requires a paradigm that harmonizes contemporary demands with traditional values, thereby crafting spaces that nurture community spirit and familial solidarity. The essence of the challenge lies in striking a balance that honors the past while accommodating the future, thus ensuring that architecture remains a cornerstone of familial cohesion and cultural identity. Circling back to the modern day, it is essential to recognize that not all Western innovations represent the pinnacle of progress and modernity. There is wisdom in adopting beneficial elements while rejecting those that detract from our cultural and architectural identity. In the realm of architecture, we have witnessed a loss of connection, a dilution of personality, and a weakening of the unity and strength of family that architecture should enhance. To counteract this weakening of connections and the loss of architectural identity, a conscious reevaluation of what modernization means for Arab societies is required. By integrating modern advancements with traditional values, there is an opportunity to create spaces that reflect contemporary needs while still fostering community and unity.